Textile printing machine and friction driven roller for use therein



April 26, 1932. A, F. SHAW. JR.. ET AL 1,855,731

TEXTILE PRINTING MACHINE AND FRIGTION DRIVEN ROLLER FOR USE THEREIN Filed Aug. 26, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l April 26, 1932. A. F. SHAW. JR.. ET AL 1,855,731

TEXTILE PRINTING MACHINE' ND FRICTION DRIVEN ROLLER FQR USE THEREIN Patented Apr. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER F. SHAW, JR., AN D PETER JASWELL, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND TEXTILE PRINTINGMACHINE A ND FRICTION DRVEN ROLLER FOR lUSE THEREIN v Application filed August 26, 1930. Serial No. 477,938.

Our invention relates to improvementsin textile printing machines and particularly in a type of friction driven roll adapted to be used therein for various purposes.

.i An object of our invention is to provide a frictionally driven roll for use in textile printing machines which is interchangeable for any of the printing rolls and which may be readily substituted therefor and adjusted 1H towards the web of fabric and cylinder in the same bearings in which the former types of printing rolls are mounted.

An object of our invention therefore is to provide a roll of Ythis description abso- V lutely interchangeable for any printing roll. Frictionally driven rolls of this description may be employed for various purposes in a textile printing machine. They may be either (a) employed as friction crushing if rolls to take the creases out of the cloth after it has first come in contact with the cylinder in which case a gumming furnisher box is not employed, (b) as a gumming roll employed with a furnisher roll employing a solution to crush 0E the excessive colored gum paste from and into the printed cloth as the web of fabric leaves the printing cylinder so as to prevent the excessive amount of color from picking or marking oif when 3" aged or steamed as is particularly necessary in employing the fast indanthrenes or vat colors or (c) as an intermediate gumming roll which may be inserted between the printing rolls in which the color box or so- *V' lution in the furnisher box thereof merely consists of gum to prevent the color'inserted from the earlier printing roll from bleeding when a later heavier color is vput on by a later printing roll or as a printing i9 roll if desired.

A further object of our invention is `to provide a roll which may be readily substituted for any one of the printing rolls without substituting bearings or taking down a multiplicity of parts in the printing machine in order to make the substitution, but one which employs identically the same bearings as the printing roll and one which is also adjustable preferably radially to- 0 wards said cylinder and the fabric passing around it in order to be readily driven thereby. y f

A further object of our invention is to provide a frictionally driven roll of this description which Yma be readily driven with the expenditure o a minimum amount of power. Instead of mounting a rotary mandrel or shaft in ball bearings built into t the frame itself, we preferably mount ay stationary shaft on the usual printing roll 60 bearings and rotatably mount with a minimum amount of friction a roll of substantially Y the width of the printing cylinder on two ball bearings mounted centrally lof the stationary shaft spaced apart substantially the width of the cylinder so that the only power necessary is to rotate the freely revolvable roll which is freely revolvable on the ball bearings without the necessity of., revolving a mandrel or shaft on bearings To in the frame.

A further object of our invention is to provide in frictionally driven rolls of this descrip-tion, means thereon to readily drivea furnisher roll to furnish the gum or coloror whateverlsolution is desired from the color box or gum box to the periphery of the driven rroll in order to impregnate it on the fabric or to removeY any excess of color or gum from the fabric. To this end we provide an extension projecting outwardly from the rotatable roll on which may be readily splined a standard gear 'fordriving a furnisher roll.

HHither'to, yCrusher rolls," or gumming rolls have been positively driven by gearing to rotate in synchronism with the printing rolls in the cylinders. Their function has been to remove all surplus dye or color andto press the previously deposited dye or color into the n fabric while applying or removing the protective coating solution thereto. Where these rolls have been geared to the master gear or with the printing roll eachhas become a portion of the positive operating feedingy mechanism for the web of fabric and it has been essential that their peripheral surfaces should rotate at an uniform speed, for otherwise the section of the fabric web between the printing rolls or betweena gum roll, crushing roll or degumming roll and a printingrollV 10 may become slack or unduly taut either of which conditions will cause a defect in the f printing such as blurring, pitting, bleeding i 25 Ztact -witlithe web-bearing; against the cylinder Vwith'so much forceias `to readilyl'driveits-own 6@ lcylinder shaft`f14.butseparate therefrom as .printingroll employed.

or dragging of one color into the other or into the background. It is also essential that when a p-rinting roll has been cut down in size to put a new patternon, that the former type of.'de'gpmming.;or gumming rollers "be similarly cut down so as to rotate at thesame peripheral speed against the cloth` and 'it is therefore. apparent that vformerly" therezmust bea gumming v roll for each set of printing rolls 'of "a given vsize or `vsaid rolls must-becut down each time anewy size of printing rolls is used.

lnasniuchfliowever, asswe employai-frlc- `tionally driven roll which is driven Joyfriction againstthe web to pressor rub-against it atits `own speedfregardless of the diameter of the printingvrolls :that -.we provide one standard gummingiroll which may ybeusedx for any sizeof printing rolls-and which is: not geared ,to= or l driven ybythe cylinder 'orprinting ,rolls and Whichfis driven only 'by frictional con furnisherroll.A .Y

vThese andsuch otherzobjects of .our invention;asrmay hereinafter appear will beiP best understood--fromfa description; of van embodimentthereof such-.as illustrated in the` accom-V panying drawings.`

In ithedraw-ings,Figafl is a diagrammatic end elevationV of a rstandardtype of si-X f color printing fmachine lnormally f employing, siX printing rolls and in which a rollconstructed in raccor'dance with :our invention is substituted for-one ofthe printing rolls' -as a crushingrollfanother as anfintermediate gumming Vrollend-[a third as; arfinal gummingf'roll.

1 thefframe:` `There is also mounted on the stub shaftlfpreferablyv axially in line with the shownin Fig=.y3 Vtheilargefmaster gear 18 of approxima'tely fthe' diameterof the cylinder and saidy master sgearflS yis drivenin'y any suitablermanner by :thefgea'r -20` which7 is pref- :erablyl rd-riven fby its `own: 4power f. motor (not fabric.-

shown). As shown in Figs. 1 and 2- the usual construction of printing roll is as follows: A plurality of sets of brackets 22 one set of two for each roll are provided projecting radially outwardly from the frame, beyond the edges of the cylinder, which brackets are preferably centrally slotted as at 24 to hold the bearings 26 which are radially vadjustable therein. The outer end of each respective bracket is provided with a threaded hole 28 adapted to-'lreceive an adjusting screwr30 which is rigidly embedded in the outer end ofthe radiallyslildable bearing 26. yEach A,bearing 2,6 is provided with the transverse hole 82 therein which serves to carry the print- Yingr, roll shaft @40.v Theinner endfof'each bearing26'is open as at34-and one side of each bracket legBG is-provided with a channel 38 so that each end of the. printing' roll shaft 40 may be inserted .through the :channel 38 vand underneaththe bearing 26finto lthe slot 34 after `thebearing 26hasfloeen pulled radially outwardly A.by unscrewing..4 the adjusting screw 50.

The structure ofthe printing `roll 35 vis shownclearly in I `i'g.2..y Itfis `provided vWith the printing roll shaft 40 having *aneendpor` tion 42on which the .spur gear 44 is mounted whichv is adapted to Aenmesh the master l gear 18 tosecure'avpositive drive off-the printing roll.. The :portion 46,'interior of-said portion 42 isslightly-la-rger in diameter Vand of afsize to compactly'be retained within the hole 32 inthe bearing::24. Theportion v48 interior of saidf'portion 46` is of still larger diameter and "is interior of said. bearingv 2G- on the frameA and' on which may be detachably splined, the-furnisher roll driving gear-50. Thecentral portion 2is of substantially the width'- of the cylinder. 10 and is provided in'` usefwith'the engraved pattern. .54 and is adapted .tobein contact with the furnisher roll 56 havingthe gear 58 on one end of the shaft .thereof adapted to be driven lbythe gear. V,50 onf the printing roll driving shaft 40. rThe usual `.operation ofthe printingfrollis `as follows: The'spur gear 20 driven in any suitable mannerrotates -themaster lgear 18 which inf turnnthrough-'the medium of the gears'44 rotates eachl respective printing roll. Eachy respective furnisher roll 56 is positively driven-nbynthengear l on the printing roll shaft 40 in-ameshwvith'the gear 58 o-n the furnisherroll shaft. A suitable amount of color paste is picked up from the color box vand broi'ightfbyperipheral Contact` of the furnisher roll I56 into contact with the printing rollan'dl forced into the pattern indentations therein and `rotation of the printing roll forceslfthe pastefrom the pattern indentations therein into the web of fabric 59 'passing betweenv itand the cylinder and frictionally drives Lboth theweb of the fabric 59 and the cylinder10=toliinpregnate the pattern on the We have endeavored so: far Vto describe an ordinary printing machine with the usual printing roll.

As stated hitherto, crushing rolls, intermediate gumming rolls and inal gumming rolls are all old in the art, but they have usually been positively driven by a positive drive from the master gear 18 and have had to be of the same peripheral size as the periphery of the printing roll or otherwise the cloth would crease or rub between them. We have shown in Fig. 3 a structure of frictionally driven roll for use as either a crushing roll 62a, an intermediate gumming roll 62b or linal gumming roll 62c as indicated in Fig. l. Said frictionally driven roll 62 includes the stationary shaft 61 provided with an end portion 63 which is adapted to be used merely as a handle and which corresponds to the portion 42 of the usual printing roll 35 on which the driving gear 44 may conveniently be mounted. Said stationary shaft 6l is provided interior of said end portion 63 with a portion 66 of slightly larger diameter provided with suitable Woodruff keys 68. It often happens in practice that the bearing holes 32 of different makes of printin@ machines for the printing rolls are of dierent size and in order that our standard frictionally driven roll may be readily mounted in any size bearing hole 32, we provide the sleeves 70 having the internal key grooves 72 therein which may readily be keyed to the'portions 66 by meansL of the Woodruff keys 68 or otherwise so that the portions 66 may be readily built up by means of diferent sized sleeves 70 to lit any size bearing hole 32.

In order that the rotatable portion 71 of our improved frictionroll may operate with a minimum amount of friction, we suitably mount ball bearings 76 centrally of said stationary shaft 61 preferably spaced apart substantially the width of the cylinder 10 and we suitably mount a roll 74 of the desired diameter and also preferably 'substantially the width of the cylinder l0 on the ball bearings 76. In order that means may bereadily provided to drive the furnisher roll 56 we provide an extension 78 preferably of lesser diameter than the periphery of the roll portion 74 projecting laterally towards each sleeve 70 and also provided with keys 8O thereon to which the furnisher roll driving gear 50 such as the standard gear normally used on any printing roll for this purpose may be readily keyed by means of the internal key 84 shown. It is thus obvious that the roll portion 74 and extensions 78 including the furnisher roll gear 50 will be revolved by frictional Contact against the web of fabric 59 and cylinder 10 with sufficient force to drive the furnisher roll 56 to drive the desired amount of gumming or degumming solution 57 where employed onto the periphery of the frictionally driven roll 74 to. either crush, gum or'clean theweb of fabric inthe desired manner. Inasmuch as the roll is provided with the extensions 78 projecting from each side of the main roll portion 74, it is obvious that the roll is interchangeable and may be reversed end for end in the printing roll bearing 26. Where our improved frictionally driven roll is employed as a crushing roll to initially removethe creases from the fabric, as shownl at62'a in Fig. l, it is apparent that its corresponding color box and furnisher roll 56 and furnisher roll driving gear58 may be omitted.

Itis apparent thatourimproved frictional- 1y driven roll 62 may be substituted in the usual bearings 26 in similar manner as one printing roll is replaced for another, namely, by unscrewingy the adjusting screws 30 to bring the bearingsV 26 near the outer ends of the brackets 22 and removing either the shaft 40 or the shaft 61 through the slot 34 in thebottom of the bearings 26 and through the lateral openings 38 in eachside wall of the bracket 22 and an inspectionuof Figs. 2" and "3 will readily show that the sleeve portions of our improved frictionally driven roll will exactly lit into the hole 32 left vacant by the portion 40 of the printing roll shaft and a standard fu rnisher roll gear 5() may be interchangeably put on the portion 48 of the printing roll or the revolvable extension v78 of ourl improved frictionally 'driven roll and that the rotatable portion 74 of our improved frictionally driven roll will substantially correspond with the width of the printing portion of the printing roll 52 and that we have provided a frictio-nally driven roll of this description which may be readily substituted for any` printingroll without redesigning the printing machine or removing any of the bearings or any part thereof and one which maybe driven with a minimum amount of friction as we provide a roll of relatively light weight rotating on a standard heavy shaft and one which is frictionally driven with sufficient force to rotate its own furnisher rolly and one i which may be readily adjusted in thesame manner. as the printing roll radially relatively to the moving web 59 and cylinder 10 by mere d from without departing from the spiritand scope of the appended claims.

Vhat we claim is: 1. In a textile printing machine having a frame, a rotatable cylinder,`a master gear adapted to drive a web of fabric around a portion of the periphery, of said cylinder,

means to rotate said master gear, a pluralityV of sets of bearings mounted in said frame having holes therein of a size to hold a printingrollishaft" having a gear thereon; exterior of Zone of 'said bearings .andafunnisher roll driving gear. interior `of'oi'ie.'v of said bearings and :adapted :to be radially adjusted towards saidfcylinder .and Vmaster gear to- .press :said printing rollagainst said web .and cylinder to impregnate' a `pattern von .the webA and bring the gearinto a `positive i engagement swith. the master .gear "to: ydrive :said .printing roll and cylinder by peripheral contacttherewith, a frictionally .driven .rollscomprising .a stationary shaftfliavinggkeysnear eachend thereof, two 'balli :bearings mounted .centrally` thereof spaced apart substantially the "width of the cylinder, sleeves of substantially the diameter of the prntingrollsha'ft of a peripheral 'size to non-rotatably rest in said bearing holes and having interior grooves for saidlreys, a roller ofk substantially the' -width of said .cylinder 'rotatably mounted on'ball bearings and thus .byradialf adjustment of a set of radially adjustable bearings adapted to be brought into rolling contact'with said fab-ric web and cylinder hav-ingan extension of lesser diameter projecting laterally. therefrom towards a sleeve having vkey means thereon adapted to detachably secure afurnisher roll gear thereon, whereby said frictionally driven roll may be detachably: substituted for any printing Tolland bedrivenf by peripheral Contact with saidI cylinder to/also-drive the furnisher roll.

2:. In a textile printing .machine having a frame, agrotatable'cylinder, a -master gear adapted to drive asweb of fabric around Aa portion of therperiphery of said cylinder,

means tofrotate said master gear, a vplurality of7 Asets of bearings mounted inY said frame having holes therein of a size to hold-a printing-.roll shaft having a gear thereon exterior of one of-said bearingsandadapted to be adj usted towards -said cylinder and master gear to.v press said printing Vroll against Vsaid web and 'cylinder to impregnate'a patterrion the web and bring the gear into positive enga-ge- Vnient-with ithev master gear vto drive said printing rolland cylinder by peripheral contacttherewith, africtionally driven roll compris'inga stationary-shaft havingyball bearings `mounted4 thereon, va. roller rotatably vmounted :on: said rballl `bearings and -thus by radial. adjustment of a-.set ofr said radially movable .bearings adapted to loe-brought into rollingcontact with said fabric weband cylinder,'whereby said roll may be ldetachably `substitut-ed for any/printing roll and be driven by periphcralcontact with:` said web.

3. In a textile printing machine having a frame, a rotatable cylinder, amaster gear vadapted to drive a webl of fabric around a portion of the periphery `of said cylinder, means to rotate said master gear, a plurality of setsfof bearings ymounted in said frame havingholesftherein of a size-to hold a printingroll shaft having ak gear thereon exterior ofone.'A ofy said .bearings ,andadapted Vto Vbe 'tononrotatably rest in said bearing Aholes and having interior. grooves for said keys, a roller `rotatably mounted on said ball bearings and thus by rradial adjustment. of saidradially movable bearings adapted to .be brought intorolling contact with said fabric web and cylinder, whereby said roll may -be detachably substituted for any printing roll and be driven by peripheral contact with said cylinder.

4.2 .In a ,textile printing machineha-viiig a frame, a rotatable cylinder adapted to drive a web of rfabric around a portion. of the periphery-of said cylinder, a master gear,.means to rotate saidmaster gear, a plurality of sets of bearings mounted in said frame having holes therein of a size to hold a-printing roll shaft'having a gear thereon` eXterior'of one of said vbearings and adapted to be radially adjusted towards said cylinder .and master gear toy press saidl printing roll against said web and cylinder to impregnatea patternon the web and bring` the gear into positive engagement with themaster gear todrive said printing roll and cylinder by peripheralcontact therewith, a frictionally driven roll comprising a stationaryshaft having two ball bearings mounted centrally thereof spaced apart substantially.v the width of the cylinder, a roller ofsubstantially thewidth. of said cylinder .rotatably mounted on saidI ball b-earingsxand thus by radialadjustment of a setv of -saidf radially adjustable bearings adapted to be brought into rolling Contact with said fabric weband cylinder, whereby said `roll may be detachably substituted Afor any printing roll and be driven by peripheral contact with said cylinder.

5. In ateXtile printing machine havinga ings and adapted to be radially adjusted towards said cylinder and master geartov press said printing roll against said web and cylinder to impregnatea .pattern on the web and bring Vthe gear into .positive engagement with the master gear to. drive saidiprinting-roll and cylinder by peripheral Contact therewith, a frictionally driven roll comprisinga stationary shaft having ball bearings mounted thereon, a roll-er rotatably mounted on said ball bearings and thus by'radial adjustment of a set of said radially movable bearings adapted to be brought into rolling contact with said fabric web and cylinder, having an extension projecting laterally outwards thereio from having key means thereon adapted to detachably secure a furnisher gear thereto, whereby said roll may be detachably substituted for any printing roll and be driven by peripheral Contact with said cylinder to also rive the furnisher roll.

6. A frictionally driven roll for textile printing machines comprising a shaft having key means near each end thereof, spaced ball bearings mounted thereon, sleeves de- 210 tachably secured to said key means, and a roller rotatably mounted onsaid ball bearings having extensions projecting laterally thereon each having key means thereon adapted to detachably receive a furnsher gear thereon.

7. A frictionally driven roll for textile printing machines comprising a shaft having spaced ball bearings mounted thereon, and a roller rotatably mounted on said ball bearings having an extension projecting laterally therefrom having key means thereon adapted to detachably receive a furnisher gear thereon.

8. A frictionally driven roll for textile printing machines comprising a shaft having key means near each end thereof, spaced ball bearings mounted thereon, sleeves detachably secured to said key means and a roller rotatably mounted on said ball bearings.

9. In a textile printing machine having a frame, a rotatable cylinder adapted to drive a web of fabric around a portion of the periphery thereof, a master gear, means to rotate said master gear, a set of bearings mounted in saidframe having holes therein of a size to hold a printing roll shaft having a gear thereon exterior of one of said bearings and adapted to be adjusted towards said cylinder and master gear to press said printing roll against said web and cylinder to impregnate a pattern on the web and bring the gear into positive engagement with the master gear, and a treating roller Vadapted to be driven by frictional contact with the web of fabric against the cylinder alone interchangeable in said bearings for a printing roll.

In testimony whereof we a-liix our signa-V tures.

. ALEXANDER F. SHAW, JR. Y PETER JASWELL. 

